INDEXING:

When search engine indexes your web site. it does not store the whole page of your site. It stores the text of the page on your database which word appeared on the page and at what position the appeared. Images, scripts and rich media may also indexed and stored on search engine database but they will only found on specialize searches. People still use words to search, so search engines are only care about the worlds that are on your pages. Some search engine also save the meta tags of your sites. Meta tags are used for writing title and description part of the site. A part from that, search engines also stores hyperlinks of that page. So , by hyperlink search engine determine about what the page is about this also determine the link popularity and relevance of the pages each sites links to. This is the main way that search engine finds new pages and sites . The image are also index with the help of alt tag.
IF all the things right spider will find you in 1 , 2 weeks. Unfortunately, the only way around this is paid inclusion but one thing keep in your mind Google doesn't have a paid inclusion program but the do a very good job for keeping their index up to date.